بهینه‌سازی استوار انتخاب تأمین‌کننده و تعیین اندازه ‌انباشته چندمحصولی، تحت تقاضای تصادفی و چندکلاسه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشگاه قم.

2 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه قم.

10.52547/jimp.10.4.193

چکیده

در این پژوهش، مسئله انتخاب تأمین‌کننده و تخصیص سفارش چندمحصولی و چنددوره‌ای موردتوجه قرار گرفته است. تقاضای کالاها غیرقطعی و دارای کلاس‌های مختلف است. به دلیل تشابه برخی کالاها، امکان جایگزینی بخشی از تقاضای آن­ها با یکدیگر وجود دارد. در صورت کمبود موجودی یک کالا و عدم‌­تأمین آن از طریق موجودی کالاهای جایگزین، بخشی از کمبود به­‌صورت فروش از‌دست‌رفته و بخشی به‌­صورت پس‌افت درمی‌آید. تأمین‌کنندگان می‌توانند سیاست تخفیف برای تمامی واحدها داشته باشند. برای مواجهه با عدم‌­قطعیت تقاضا، حالت‌های ممکن تقاضا به‌­صورت سناریوهای احتمالی تعریف شده‌اند و از رویکرد بهینه‌سازی استوار ارائه­‌شده توسط مالوی و همکاران (1995)، استفاده شده است. تابع هدف مسئله، حداقل‌سازی مجموع هزینه‌های خرید، حمل‌­و­نقل، نگهداری، جایگزینی، فروش از­دست­رفته و پس‌افت است. برای اعمال سیاست‌های مدیریت در زمینه انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان، حدود بالا و پایین برای تعداد تأمین‌کنندگان هر گروه کالا ‌‌به‌­صورت محدودیت تعریف شده است. پویا­بودن تقاضا در یک افق چنددوره‌ای، ترکیب فروش از­دست­رفته و پس‌افت و چند­کلاسه­بودن تقاضا، مسئله‌ای ایجاد می‌کند که تاکنون مدلی برای آن ارائه نشده است. زنجیره‌های تأمین بسیاری وجود دارد که محصولاتی را به بازار عرضه کرده‌اند و باید قطعات یدکی مورد نیاز آن­ها را تأمین کنند. نتایج این پژوهش به تصمیم‌گیری بهینه درباره سفارش‌دهی قطعات در این شرکت‌ها کمک می‌کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Robust Optimization of Multi-product and Multi-class Lot-sizing and Supplier Selection with Uncertain Demand

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghasem Mokhtari 1
  • Fatemeh Bakhtiari 2
1 Assistant Professor, University of Qom.
2 MSc, University of Qom.
چکیده [English]

In this study, a multi-product and multi-period lot-sizing and supplier selection problem has been considered. The demand of products is multi-class and uncertain. Due to the interchangeability of products, it is possible to satisfy some part of their demand with the alternatives. In the case of an inventory shortage, a specific part of the shortage will be lost sales and the remainder will be backorder. Suppliers can have an all-units quantity discount policy. For confronting uncertain demand, possible modes are defined as scenarios and the robust optimization approach proposed by Mulvey et al. is applied. The objective function of the problem, which is to be minimized, is made up of the total cost of purchasing, transportation, inventory, demand substitution, lost sales, and backorder. The upper and lower bounds for the number of suppliers per product family are defined as a constraint for the implementation of management policies for supplier selection. Dynamic and multi-class demand in a multi-period horizon, together with allowed backlog and lost sales, are features that, to the best of our knowledge, are not yet considered by other researchers. There are many supply chains that have sold the products and should supply required spare parts. The results of this research help attain optimal ordering of the parts. The performance of the model is examined with a numerical example.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lot Sizing
  • Supplier Selection
  • Stochastic Demand
  • Demand Class
  • Robust Optimization

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