مقایسه قراردادهای بازپس‌گیری، کاهش و منعطف در زنجیره‌های تأمین چندسطحی با تقاضای احتمالی و رویکرد نظریه بازی‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، موسسه آموزشی مهر البرز، تهران.

2 استادیار، دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

شرکت­ها برای دستیابی به موفقیت در فضای رقابتی بازار جهانی، اشکال متنوعی از همکاری‌­ها را به­کار می­برند. مدل‌­های همکاری سعی در یافتن پاسخی کاربردی در ترغیب اعضای زنجیره تأمین برای اتخاذ تصمیمات به‌عنوان سیستم‌­های متمرکز را دارند که در این خصوص قراردادهای همکاری ابزارهای مفیدی برای تغییر رفتار اعضای زنجیره به رفتار منسجم همکارانه برای دستیابی به هدف نهایی زنجیره که سودآوری کلی آن است، با یکدیگر هستند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین مناسب‌­ترین قرارداد ایجادکننده همکاری بین سطوح زنجیره، به بررسی زنجیره­‌های تأمین و قراردادهای همکاری پرداخته است و درنتیجه آن، یک زنجیره تأمین دوسطحی و قراردادهای بازپس‌گیری، کاهش و منعطف انتخاب شدند. با رویکرد نظریه بازی‌ها، بازی­‌های ایستا با اطلاعات کامل و تعادل نش، به‌عنوان شیوه بررسی و احتمالی‌­بودن تقاضای مشتریان نهایی، مدل­‌های اولیه توابع سود هر سطح زنجیره طراحی و سپس با مدنظر قراردادن شرایط خاص هر قرارداد، مدل­های ثانویه نیز بازطراحی شدند؛ سپس با طراحی آزمایش‌هایی با استفاده از نرم‌­افزار مینی‌­تب و حل آن‌ها توسط نرم­‌افزارهای اکسل و لینگو و تحلیل خروجی­‌ها، قرارداد کاهش به‌عنوان مناسب‌­ترین شیوه برقراری همکاری در بین سطوح زنجیره تعیین شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparison of the Buyback, Rebate and Quantity Flexible Contracts in Multi Echelons Supply Chains with Probabilistic Demand and Game Theory Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Reza Shateri 1
  • Hannan Amoozad Mahdiraji 2
  • Nima Mokhtarzade 2
1 M.A., Mehr-e-Alborz Higher Education Institute, Tehran.
2 Assistant Professor, University of Tehran.
چکیده [English]

Companies employ several forms of cooperation to reach success in the global competitive market. Coordination models seek to find the practical solution to encourage supply chain members to make decisions to improve overall profit. Note that, cooperation contracts are useful tools to make supply chain members behave coherently and coordinately with each other in order to gain SC's profit as final purpose. This paper aims to determine the most appropriate contract that can make cooperation between SC levels. In this case supply chains and cooperation contracts were reviewed and as a result of this study. Afterwards, a two echelons SC and mentioned contracts in the title chose are investigated. By considering the game theory approach, static games by complete information and Nash equilibrium as a solving method and probabilistic demand of consumers, initial profit function models of SC echelons were designed and subsequently, the secondary models redesigned with the consideration of the specific circumstances of each contract. Then, some experiments were designed by MINITAB software and solved by EXCEL and LINGO software. Eventually, by analyzing outputs, rebate contract is determined as the most appropriate way of establishing cooperation among the SC levels.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Two Echelons Supply Chain
  • Buyback Contract
  • Rebate Contract
  • Quantity Flexibility Contract
  • Game Theory

مراجع

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