ارزیابی مبتنی بر مدل سیاست‌های کاهش وابستگی به انرژی: مدلی بر اساس رویکرد پویایی‌شناسی سیستم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، دانشگاه ایوان‌کی، گرمسار.

2 دانشیار، دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

تقاضای بالا و غیرمنطقی سوخت در ایران، مصرف بیش‌ازاندازه و گاهی غیرعقلانی سوخت در بخش‌های مختلف ازجمله حمل‌ونقل در کنار تأمین سوخت ارزان‌قیمت برای نیروگاه‌های تولید برق، عدم وجود استانداردهای صحیح در مصرف سوخت در بخش‌های مختلف، وابستگی شدید تأمین انرژی به سوخت‌های فسیلی را برای ایران به ارمغان آورده است. افزایش هزینه‌های تأمین انرژی با درنظرگیری روند افزایشی تقاضای انرژی، به‌ویژه شدت انرژی کشور، تهدیدی جدی برای امنیت انرژی کشور به شمار می رود. از‌این‌رو پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل ساختار سیستمی مولد مسئله وابستگی به انرژی در ایران و همچنین ارزیابی مبتنی بر مدل سیاست‌ها و راهکارهای مطرح برای کاهش این وابستگی طراحی شده است. روش تحقیق حاضر مبتنی بر مراحل روش پویایی‌شناسی سیستم است. پس از ساخت مدل شبیه‌سازی و اعتبارسنجی آن، چهار سیاست تداوم وضع فعلی، افزایش عرضه انرژی از طریق سوخت‌های فسیلی، افزایش عرضه از طریق انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر و همچنین مدیریت سمت تقاضا روی مدل اجرا شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد اجرای توأم سیاست‌های مدیریت سمت تقاضا و توسعه ظرفیت انرژی‌های تجدید‌پذیر می‌تواند به‌صورت هم‌زمان کاهش میزان شاخص وابستگی به انرژی و همچنین افزایش شاخص امنیت انرژی را در بلندمدت به همراه داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Model-Based Assessment of Energy Dependency Policies: A System Dynamics Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Bastan 1
  • Hamed Shakouri Ganjavi 2
1 Lecturer, University of Eyvanekey, Garmsar.
2 Associated Professor, University of Tehran.
چکیده [English]

The high and unreasonable demand for fuel in Iran, and also the excessive and irrational consumption of fuel in various sectors, including transportation along with cheap fuel for power generation plants, the lack of proper standards for fuel consumption in different sectors, has brought the high dependency on fossil fuels energy supply for Iran. This problem is a serious threat to the country's energy security, in light of the increasing trend in energy demand and in particular the energy intensity of the country's energy supply. Understanding the system structure of this dependency is the main objective of the present research. The research methodology is based on the system dynamics approach. A stock and flow model of energy dependency was developed and four scenarios have tested on it. From the comparison of the four scenarios, it can be said that the current energy dependency on is continuing to increase. Based on the results, it is recommended that the demand-side management policy and the development of renewable energy capacities reduce energy dependency and increase energy security together.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy Security
  • Fossil Fuel
  • Renewable Energy
  • System Dynamics
1. Ahmad, S., & bin Mat Tahar, R. (2014). Using system dynamics to evaluate renewable electricity development in Malaysia. Kybernetes, 43(1), 24-39.
2. Ang, B. W., Choong, W., & Ng, T. (2015). Energy security: Definitions, dimensions and indexes. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews42, 1077-1093.
3. Aslani, A., Helo, P., & Naaranoja, M. (2014). Role of renewable energy policies in energy dependency in Finland: System dynamics approach. Applied energy113, 758-765.
4. Aslani, A., & Wong, K.-F. V. (2014). Analysis of renewable energy development to power generation in the United States. Renewable Energy63, 153-161.
5. Barton, B. (2004). Energy security: managing risk in a dynamic legal and regulatory environment: Oxford University Press on Demand.
6. Bastan, M., Akbarpour, S., Ahmadvand, A. (2016). Business Dynamics of Iranian Commercial Banks, The 34th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society. Delft, the Netherlands (in Persian).
7. Bastan, M., Akbarpour, S., Ahmadvand, A., Shakouri G., H. (2019). Making the Profitability Paradox of Bad Banks: A System Dynamics Approach. The 3rd IEOM European Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
8. Bastan, M., Ramazani K., R., Delshad S., S., Ahmadvand, A. (2018). Sustainable development of agriculture: a system dynamics model. Kybernetes47(1), 142-162.
9. Banos, R., Manzano-Agugliaro, F., Montoya, F. G., Gil, C., Alcayde, A., & Gómez, J. (2011). Optimization methods applied to renewable and sustainable energy: A review. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 15(4), 1753-1766.
10. Cherp, A., & Jewell, J. (2014). The concept of energy security: Beyond the four As. Energy Policy75, 415-421.
11. Ellabban, O., Abu-Rub, H., & Blaabjerg, F. (2014). Renewable energy resources: Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 39, 748-764.
12. Farajzadeh, Z. (2016). Energy Intensity in the Iranian Economy: Components and Determinants. Iranian Energy Economics, 4(15), 55-98. doi: 10.22054/jiee.2016.1880 (in Persian)
13. Hsu, C.-W. (2012). Using a system dynamics model to assess the effects of capital subsidies and feed-in tariffs on solar PV installations. Applied energy, 100, 205-217.
14. Jebaselvi, G. A., & Paramasivam, S. (2013). Analysis on renewable energy systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 28, 625-634.
15. Khoshneshin, F., Bastan, M. (2014). Analysis of dynamics of crisis management in the earthquake and performance Improvement using system dynamics methodology, The 10th International Conference on Industrial Engineering (IIEC 2014), Tehran, Iran (in Persian).
16. Kovačovská, L. (2007). European Union’s energy (in) security: dependence on Russia. Def Strateg, 2, 5-21.
17. Kruyt, B., van Vuuren, D. P., de Vries, H. J., & Groenenberg, H. (2009). Indicators for energy security. Energy Policy, 37(6), 2166-2181.
18. Lean, H. H., & Smyth, R. (2013). Are fluctuations in US production of renewable energy permanent or transitory? Applied energy, 101, 483-488.
19. Maleki, A. (2007). Energy security and lessons for Iran, Development Strategy, 4(12), 206-222 (in Persian)
20. Månsson, A., Johansson, B., & Nilsson, L. J. (2014). Assessing energy security: An overview of commonly used methodologies. Energy, 73, 1-14.
21. Mohaghar, A., Hashemi Petrodi, S., Talaei, H. (2017). Dynamic Modeling of a New Product Supply Chain using System Dynamics Approach. Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 6(4), 9-36 (in Persian).
22. Rabieh, M., Salari, H., Karami, M., Ziyaei, M., Yasoubi, A. (2017). Causal Loop Model for Problem of Traffic Accident: The System Dynamics Approach. Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 7(1), 115-143 (in Persian).
23. Radovanović, M., Filipović, S., & Pavlović, D. (2017). Energy security measurement–A sustainable approach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, 1020-1032.
24. Richter, M. (2012). Utilities’ business models for renewable energy: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(5), 2483-2493.
25. Ruhul, S., Rafiq, S., & Hassan, A. K. (2008). Causality and dynamics of energy consumption and output: Evidence from non-OECD Asian countries. Journal of Economic Development, 33(2), 1-26.
26. Soltanian Telkabadi, H., Mohaghar, A., Sadeghi Moghadam, M. (2016). Pricing-Policy Analysis of Petrochemical Feed-Stock through Dynamic Systems Approach. Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 5(4), 59-78 (in Persian).
27. Wu, Z., & Xu, J. (2013). Predicting and optimization of energy consumption using system dynamics-fuzzy multiple objective programming in world heritage areas. Energy, 49, 19-31.
28. Zadfallah, E., Bastan, M., Ahmadvand, A. (2017). A Qualitative System Dynamics Approach to Clinical Risk Management, The 13th International Conference on Industrial Engineering (IIEC2017), Babolsar, Iran (in Persian).