بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر قصد کارآفرینی در ایران و انگلستان با بررسی نقش میانجی‌گری اشتیاق

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در سال­‌های اخیر پژوهش درباره عوامل تأثیرگذار بر قصد کارآفرینی توجه بسیاری از پژوهشگران را به خود جلب کرده است؛ اما این زمینه از بررسی روابط غیرمستقیم و مقایسه این عوامل در کشورهای توسعه‌یافته و درحال‌توسعه بی‌بهره مانده است؛ بنابراین در این پژوهش بر اساس نظریه‌­های رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده و اشتیاق کارآفرینانه، تأثیر میانجی‌گری اشتیاق کارآفرینانه بر رابطه نگرش فردی و هنجار ذهنی بر قصد کارآفرینی بررسی می­‌شود. داده‌های کمّی به‌­ترتیب از 122 و 260 دانشجوی مقطع کارشناسی در انگلستان و ایران جمع‌آوری ‌شده و با مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌­افزار آموس بررسی ‌و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که برخلاف پیش‌بینی نظریه­‌های نامبرده، اشتیاق کارآفرینی نیز تأثیر مستقیم و مثبتی بر قصد کارآفرینی دارد؛ همچنین اشتیاق کارآفرینی میانجی جزئی رابطه بین نگرش فردی و قصد کارآفرینی در هر دو کشور است؛ اما اشتیاق رابطه بین هنجارهای ذهنی و قصد کارآفرینی را در ایران به‌صورت کامل و در انگلستان به‌صورت جزئی واسطه‌گری می­‌کند؛ بنابراین به‌منظور تقویت قصد کارآفرینی، سیاست‌گذاران باید با توجه به اهمیت اشتیاق کارآفرینانه، با سرمایه‌گذاری در توسعه نگرش فردی مثبت و هنجار ذهنی نسبت به کارآفرینی، سعی در تقویت آن داشته باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining Factors Impacting Entrepreneurial Intention in the United Kingdom and Iran: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Passion

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosna Derochi 1
  • Misagh Tasavori 2
1 Msc, Department of Management, School of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management, School of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Research on the factors affecting entrepreneurial intention has recently attracted surging attention. However, there are limited studies focusing on indirect factors impacting entrepreneurial intention and comparing the findings across a developed and a developing country. Therefore, in this research, based on the theories of planned behaviour and entrepreneurial passion, we discuss the mediating role of entrepreneurial passion in the relationship between personal attitude and entrepreneurial intention as well as in the relationship between subjective norm and entrepreneurial intention. Quantitative data were collected from 122 and 260 undergraduate students in England and Iran, respectively, and were analysed by structural equation modelling in AMOS. The findings show that, contrary to the predictions of the mentioned theories, entrepreneurial passion also has a direct and positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Also, entrepreneurial passion partially mediates the relationship between personal attitude and entrepreneurial intention in both countries. However, passion fully mediates the relationship between subjective norms and entrepreneurial intention in Iran, and partially in England. Our findings thus illustrate that to strengthen entrepreneurial intention, policymakers should develop policies to enhance entrepreneurial personal attitudes, and subjective norms to encourage entrepreneurial passion and consequently entrepreneurial intention.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entrepreneurial Passion
  • Subjective Norms
  • Personal Attitude
  • Entrepreneurial Intention
  • Str

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