چشم‌انداز مدیریت صنعتی

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اعضای هیات تحریریه

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

سیاست دسترسی آزاد

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

اخبار و اعلانات

هزینه‌های انتشار مقاله

بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر قصد کارآفرینی در ایران و انگلستان با بررسی نقش میانجی‌گری اشتیاق

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف.

2 استادیار، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف.

چکیده

در سال­‌های اخیر پژوهش درباره عوامل تأثیرگذار بر قصد کارآفرینی توجه بسیاری از پژوهشگران را به خود جلب کرده است؛ اما این زمینه از بررسی روابط غیرمستقیم و مقایسه این عوامل در کشورهای توسعه‌یافته و درحال‌توسعه بی‌بهره مانده است؛ بنابراین در این پژوهش بر اساس نظریه‌­های رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده و اشتیاق کارآفرینانه، تأثیر میانجی‌گری اشتیاق کارآفرینانه بر رابطه نگرش فردی و هنجار ذهنی بر قصد کارآفرینی بررسی می­‌شود. داده‌های کمّی به‌­ترتیب از 122 و 260 دانشجوی مقطع کارشناسی در انگلستان و ایران جمع‌آوری ‌شده و با مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌­افزار آموس بررسی ‌و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که برخلاف پیش‌بینی نظریه­‌های نامبرده، اشتیاق کارآفرینی نیز تأثیر مستقیم و مثبتی بر قصد کارآفرینی دارد؛ همچنین اشتیاق کارآفرینی میانجی جزئی رابطه بین نگرش فردی و قصد کارآفرینی در هر دو کشور است؛ اما اشتیاق رابطه بین هنجارهای ذهنی و قصد کارآفرینی را در ایران به‌صورت کامل و در انگلستان به‌صورت جزئی واسطه‌گری می­‌کند؛ بنابراین به‌منظور تقویت قصد کارآفرینی، سیاست‌گذاران باید با توجه به اهمیت اشتیاق کارآفرینانه، با سرمایه‌گذاری در توسعه نگرش فردی مثبت و هنجار ذهنی نسبت به کارآفرینی، سعی در تقویت آن داشته باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining Factors Impacting Entrepreneurial Intention in the United Kingdom and Iran: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Passion

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosna Derochi 1
  • Misagh Tasavori 2

1 Msc, Sharif University of Technology

2 Assistant Professor, Sharif University of Technology.

چکیده [English]

Research on the factors affecting entrepreneurial intention has recently attracted surging attention. However, there are limited studies focusing on indirect factors impacting entrepreneurial intention and comparing the findings across a developed and a developing country. Therefore, in this research, based on the theories of planned behaviour and entrepreneurial passion, we discuss the mediating role of entrepreneurial passion in the relationship between personal attitude and entrepreneurial intention as well as in the relationship between subjective norm and entrepreneurial intention. Quantitative data were collected from 122 and 260 undergraduate students in England and Iran, respectively, and were analysed by structural equation modelling in AMOS. The findings show that, contrary to the predictions of the mentioned theories, entrepreneurial passion also has a direct and positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Also, entrepreneurial passion partially mediates the relationship between personal attitude and entrepreneurial intention in both countries. However, passion fully mediates the relationship between subjective norms and entrepreneurial intention in Iran, and partially in England. Our findings thus illustrate that to strengthen entrepreneurial intention, policymakers should develop policies to enhance entrepreneurial personal attitudes, and subjective norms to encourage entrepreneurial passion and consequently entrepreneurial intention.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entrepreneurial Passion
  • Subjective Norms
  • Personal Attitude
  • Entrepreneurial Intention
  • Str
مراجع
  1. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.
  2. Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self‐efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior 1. Journal of applied social psychology, 32(4), 665-683.
  3. Ajzen, I. (2012). The theory of planned behavior. In P. A. M. Van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), The handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 438–459). London: SAGE Publications
  4. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  5. Ajzen, I. (2001). Nature and Operation of Attitudes. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 27–58.
  6. Aldrich H, Zimmer C, & Jones T. (1986). Small Business Still Speaks with the Same Voice: A Replication of ‘The Voice of Small Business and the Politics of Survival. The Sociological Review, 34(2), 335-356.
  7. Tkachev, A, & Kolvereid, L. (1999). Self-employment intentions among Russian students. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 11(3), 269-280.
  8. Amoros, J., Ciravegna, L., Mandakovic, V., & Stenholm. P. (2019). Necessity or Opportunity? The Effects of State Fragility and Economic Development on Entrepreneurial Efforts. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 43(4), 725–750.
  9. Angriawan, A., Conners, S. E., Furdek, J., & Ruth, D. (2012). An empirical examination of entrepreneurial intent in the equine industry. Proceedings of the Academy of Entrepreneurship, 18(1), 1-8.
  10. Asgharizadeh, A., Sadeghi Moghadam, M., Safari, H., Soltani Neshan, M. (2019).‎ The‎ Effects‎ of ‎Customers’‎Decision-making with Different Risk Prefrences on Warranty Providers: Agent based Modeling. The Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 9(1), 31-59(In Persian)
  11. Autio, E., H. Keeley, R., Klofsten, M., GC Parker, G., & Hay, M. (2001). Entrepreneurial intent among students in Scandinavia and in the USA. Enterprise and Innovation Management Studies, 2(2), 145-160.
  12. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: the exercise of control. New York: Freeman
  13. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6),
  14. Bartlett, L., & Vavrus, F. (2017). Comparative case studies: An innovative approach. Nordic Journal of Comparative and International Education (NJCIE), 1(1), 5-17.
  15. Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The Relationship of Entrepreneurial Traits, Skill, and Motivation to Subsequent Venture Growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587–598.
  16. Biraglia, A., & Kadile, V. (2017). The role of entrepreneurial passion and creativity in developing entrepreneurial intentions: insights from American homebrewers. Journal of Small Business Managgement, 55, 170–188.
  17. Bizer, George Y., and Jon A. Krosnick. 2001. “Exploring the Structure of Strength-Related Attitude Features: The Relation Between Attitude Importance and Attitude Accessibility. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81 (October), 566–86
  18. Bond, A., Morrison-Saunders, A., & Pope, J. (2012). Sustainability assessment: the state of the art. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 30(1), 53-62.
  19. Brannen, J. (2017). Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches: an overview. Mixing methods: Qualitative and quantitative research, 1(1), 3-37.
  20. Cardon, M. S., Gregoire, D. A., Stevens, C. E., & Patel, P. C. (2013). Measuring Entrepreneurial Passion: Conceptual Foundations and Scale Validation. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(3), 373–396.
  21. Cardon, M. S., Wincent, J., Singh, J., & Drnovsek, M. (2009). The Nature and Experience of Entrepreneurial Passion. Academy of Management Review, 34(3), 511–532.
  22. Carr, J. C., & Sequeira, J. M. (2007). Prior family business exposure as intergenerational influence and entrepreneurial intent: A theory of planned behavior approach. Journal of Business Research, 60(10), 1090-1098.
  23. Chein, M. Mugnier, M.-L. & Simonet. G. (1998). Nested graphs: A graph-based knowledge representation model with FOL semantics. In Proc. KR'98, 1998.
  24. do Paço, A. M. F., Ferreira, J. M., Raposo, M., Rodrigues, R. G., & Dinis, A. (2011). Behaviours and entrepreneurial intention: Empirical findings about secondary students. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 9(1), 20-38.
  25. Offstein, E. H., Gnyawali, D. R., & Cobb, A. T. (2005). A Strategic Human Resource Perspective of Firm Competitive Behavior. Human Resource Management Review, 15(4), 305–318.
  26. Fini, R., Grimaldi, R., Marzocchi, G. L. & Sobrero, M. (2009) The Foundation of Entrepreneurial Intention. Summer Conference, June 2009, 17-19
  27. Frazier, B. J. & Niehm, L. S. (2006). Predicting the entrepreneurial intentions of non-business majors: a preliminary investigation. paper presented at the USASBE/SBI Conference, Tucson, AZ, January 14-17
  28. Guzmán‐Alfonso, C. & Guzmán‐Cuevas, J. (2012). Entrepreneurial intention models as applied to Latin America. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 25(5), 721-735.
  29. Hair, Joseph F., Ringle, Christian M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Editorial - Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling: Rigorous Applications, Better Results and Higher Acceptance. Long Range Planning, 46( 1-2), 1-12.
  30. Hu, X., Li, G., Xia, X., Lo, D., Lu, S., & Jin, Z. (2018). Summarizing source code with transferred api knowledge.
  31. Hubner, S., Baum, M., Frese, M. (2020). Contagion of Entrepreneurial Passion: Effects on Employee Outcomes. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 44(6), 1112-1140.
  32. Huyghe, A., Knockaert, M., & Obschonka, M. (2016). Unraveling the “passion orchestra” in academia. Journal of Business Venturing. 31, 344–364.
  33. Karimi, S. (2020). The Role of Entrepreneurial Passion in the Formation of Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions. Applied Economics, 52(3), 331–344.
  34. Kautonen, T., Van Gelderen, M., & Fink, M. (2015). Robustness of the theory of planned behavior in predicting entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(3), 655-674.
  35. Kolvereid, L., & Isaksen, E. (2006). New business start-up and subsequent entry into self-employment. Journal of Business Venturing, 21(6), 866-885.
  36. Krithika, J. & Venkatachalam, B. (2014). A Study on Impact of Subjective Norms on). Entrepreneurial Intentions among the Business Students in Bangalore. Journal of Business and Management, 16(5), 48-50.
  37. Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000).competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5–6), 411–432.
  38. Lee, S. H., & Wong, P. K. (2004). An exploratory study of technopreneurial intentions: a career anchor perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(1), 7–28.
  39. Liñán, F. (2004). Intention-based models of entrepreneurship education. Piccolla Impresa/Small Business, 3, 11–35.
  40. Liñán, F. (2008). Skill and value perceptions: how do they affect entrepreneurial intentions? International Entrepreneurship & Management Journal, 4, 257-272.
  41. Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 33(3), 593-617.
  42. Liñán, F., & Santos, F. J. (2007). Does social capital affect entrepreneurial intentions? International Advances in Economic Research, 13(4), 443–453.
  43. Liñán, F., Rodríguez-cohard, J. C., & Rueda-cantuche, J. M. (2005). Factors affecting entrepreneurial intention levels. 45th Congress of the European Regional Science Association, Amsterdam.
  44. Majidi, S., Fallah lajimi, H.R. & Safaei ghadikolaei, A. (2021) The Application of Data Envelopment Analysis in Evaluating the Performance of Universities and Higher Education Institutions: A Systematic Review of the Literature. The Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 11(41), 53-80. (In Persian)
  45. Marques, C. S., Ferreira, J. J., Gomes, D. N., & Rodrigues, R. G. (2012). Entrepreneurship education: How psychological, demographic and behavioural factors predict the entrepreneurial intention. Education+ training.
  46. Mohammadi, G., Sajadi, S. M., & Sakhdari, K. (2020). Entrepreneurial decision-making model: a hybrid approach. Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 9(3), 87-108. (In Persian)
  47. Munir, H., Jianfeng, C. & Ramzan, S. (2019). Personality traits and theory of planned behavior comparison of entrepreneurial intentions between an emerging economy and a developing country. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 25(3), 554-580.
  48. Perttula, K. H. (2004). The POW factor: Understanding and igniting passion for one's work. University of Southern California.
  49. Sagiri, S., & Appolloni, A. (2009). Identifying the effect of psychological variables on entrepreneurial intentions entrepreneurship—definition. DSM Business Review, 1(2), 62–86.
  50. Santos Cumplido, F. J., Roomi, M. A., and Liñán, F. (2016). About Gender Differences and the Social Environment in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Small Business Management 54, 49–66.
  51. Schlaegel, C., He, X., & Engle, R. L. (2013). The direct and indirect influences of national culture on entrepreneurial intentions: a fourteen nation study. International Journal of Management, 30(2), 597–609
  52. Sexton, D. L. & Upton, N. E. (1986). Evaluation of an innovative approach to teaching entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business Management, 25(1), 35–43.
  53. Smilor, R. W. (1997). Entrepreneurship: Reflections on a subversive activity. Journal of Business venturing, 12(5), 341-346.
  54. Souitaris, V., Zerbinati, S., & Al-Laham, A. (2007). Do entrepreneurship programmes raise entrepreneurial intention of science and engineering students? The effect of learning, inspiration and resources. Journal of Business venturing, 22(4), 566-591.
  55. Thomas, A. S., & Mueller, S. L. (2000). A case for comparative entrepreneurship: Assessing the relevance of culture. Journal of international business studies, 31(2), 287-301.
  56. Tsai, J. L., Knutson, B., & Fung, H. H. (2006). Cultural variation in affect valuation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 90(2), 288-307.
  57. Van Praag, C. M., & Versloot, P. H. (2007). What is the value of entrepreneurship? A review of recent research. Small Business Economics, 29(4), 351-382.
  58. Walter, S. G., & Dohse, (2009). The interplay between entrepreneurship education and regional knowledge potential in forming entrepreneurial intentions (No. 1549). Kiel working paper.
  59. Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self–efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: Implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 31(3), 387-406.
  60. Yin, R. K. (1994). Case study of research: design and methods. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Inc.
  61. Yordanova, D. I., & Tarrazon, M. A. (2010). Gender differences in entrepreneurial intentions: evidence from Bulgaria. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 15(03), 245-261.
  62. Zampetakis, L. A., Gotsi, M., Andriopoulos, C., & Moustakis, V. (2011). Creativity and entrepreneurial intention in young people: empirical insights from business school students. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 12(3), 189–199.
  63. Zhang, P. and Cain, K. W. (2017). Reassessing the link between risk aversion and entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of the determinants of planned behavior. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 23(5), 793-811.
  64. Zhang, P., Wang, D. D., & Owen, C. L. (2015). A Study of Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 5(1), 61-82.
چشم‌انداز مدیریت صنعتی
دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 49
فروردین 1402
صفحه 79-104
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار