بررسی تحلیلی چالش‌های پیمانکاران ساخت در طرح ادعاهای قراردادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.

2 دانشیار، دانشگاه تهران.

3 کارشناس ارشد، مؤسسه آموزش عالی مهرالبرز.

چکیده

با توجه به عدم­‌قطعیت‌های حاکم بر پروژه‌های عمرانی و تفاوت بارز آن‌ها با صنایع خدماتی و تولیدی از منظر محدوده  و زمان‌بندی کار، عوامل محیطی و چالش‌های اجرایی، پیمانکاران و کارفرمایان همواره با اختلافات و دعاوی قراردادی مواجه هستند. در چنین شرایطی، پژوهشی با موضوع دعاوی قراردادی ضروری است. هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی چالش‌های مرتبط با فرآیندهای طرح ادعا و رویه مواجهه با این چالش‌ها است. در این راستا، چالش‌های مرتبط با طرح لوایح ادعایی شناسایی و ارزیابی شدند. روش پژوهش به‌صورت کمّی ـ کیفی مشتمل بر بررسی مبانی نظری، بررسی ۱ پرونده ادعایی در ۴ پروژه، مصاحبه با 10 نفر از خبرگان و اخذ نظرهای ۶۰ نفر از کارشناسان به روش پرسشنامه‌ای و تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار SPSS است. بر این اساس، چالش‌های مرتبط با فرآیند طرح ادعا و لوایح ادعایی مشتمل بر ۳۸ چالش است. به­علاوه مطابق با نتایج پژوهش، ۴۰ درصد چالش‌ها مربوط به پیمانکاران و فرایندهای درون‌سازمانی آن­ها، ۲۹ درصد چالش‌ها مربوط به ساختارهای حاکمیتی، ۲۱ درصد چالش‌ها مربوط به کارفرمایان و ۱۰ درصد چالش‌ها مربوط به مشاوران و دستگاه نظارت است. بهبود ساختارهای حاکمیتی، کاهش ضعف‌های پیمانکاری و استفاده از تجارب و دانش سازمانی می‌تواند در بهبود فرایند ادعای قراردادی مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analytical Review of the Construction Contractors' Challenges in the Contractual Claims

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahad Nazari 1
  • Majid Parchami Jalal 2
  • Sasan Shahidi Nashroud Kola 3
  • Shayan Hojat Panah 3
1 Associate Professor, Shahid Beheshti University.
2 Associate Professor, University of Tehran.
3 Master, Mehr Alborz Institute of Higher Education.
چکیده [English]

Due to the uncertainties in the construction projects and their differences with the service and manufacturing industries in terms of scope of the work, environmental factors, executive and scheduling challenges, contractors and clients always face with significant damages, regarding contractual disputes. In such circumstances, it is essential to empower contractors in making contractual claims and managing the claims. The aim of this study is to identify contractors’ challenges in the claiming process and the way for dealing with these challenges. In this regard, these challenges along with the most important shortcomings of claims are identified, analyzed and prioritized. Research method including literature review, analysis of 16 claims in 4 projects, interviewing with ten experts and finally applying a questionnaire method, by obtaining 60 experts opinions about 38 challenges and the key shortcomings of the claim’s statements have been done. According to the research findings, 40% of the challenges are related to contractors and their internal organizational processes, 29% of the challenges are related to governmental organization and their rules, 21% of the challenges are related to clients and finally 10% of the challenges are related to the consultants and their monitoring systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Contract Management
  • Claim Management
  • Contractual Challenges
  • Project Management

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