ارزیابی و دسته‌بندی نواحی سیل‌خیز و ارائه مدل دوهدفه برای مکان‌یابی و تخصیص تسهیلات امدادی در بحران سیلاب (مورد مطالعه: شهرستان آمل)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل.

2 دانشیار، دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل.

چکیده

بحران‌های طبیعی همه‌ساله جان و مال انسان­ها را تهدید می­‌کند؛ ازاین‌رو برنامه‌ریزی‌هایی برای آمادگی در برابر حوادث ضروری است. سیل به‌عنوان یکی از بحران‌های طبیعی، سالانه جان هزاران نفر در سراسر جهان را در معرض خطر قرار می­‌دهد. میزان آسیب‌رسانی سیل در مناطق مختلف با یکدیگر متفاوت است؛ بنابراین ازجمله اقداماتی که می‌توان در جهت مدیریت و کاهش خسارات ناشی از سیل انجام داد، شناسایی و دسته‌بندی نقاط سیل‌خیز در هر منطقه است. در این پژوهش شهرستان آمل موردمطالعه قرار گرفته است که پس از شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی نقاط سیل­خیز از نظر آسیب‌پذیری، اقداماتی به‌منظور امدادرسانی بهتر به این نواحی و آمادگی در برابر سیلاب صورت گرفت. با شناسایی نقاط سیل‌خیز، به اولویت‌بندی جهت امدادرسانی با استفاده از معیارهایی نظیر تراکم جمعیت، بافت فرسوده، فاصله از حریم رودخانه و دسترسی به شهرها و راه‌ها با روش فرآیند تحلیل سلسه‌مراتبی پرداخته شد؛ سپس یک مدل ریاضی دوهدفه به‌منظور تعیین مناسب‌ترین مکان برای راه‌اندازی پایگاه‌های امدادی و تعیین میزان کالاها و ماشین‌آلات امدادی برای پاسخگویی در ساعات اولیه‌ حادثه ارائه شد؛ درنهایت راهکارهایی به‌منظور افزایش تخصیص به مناطق با اولویت پاسخگویی بالاتر و کاهش هزینه‌ها ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation and Classification of Flood-Vulnerable Areas and Bi-Objective Model for Location and Allocation Relief Facilities for Floods (Case Study: Amol City)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hasan Molladavoodi 1
  • Mohammad Mahdi Paydar 2
1 M.Sc., Babol Noshirvani University of Technology.
2 Assosiate Professor of Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
چکیده [English]

Natural crises Threaten Human life and property every year. So planning for disaster Preparation is essential. Flood Threatens Thousands of People around the World. Flood damage is different in different areas. Therefore, identifying and classifying floodplains in each region is one of the measures that can be taken to manage and reduce flood damage. By identifying and prioritizing flood vulnerable areas can Reduce flood damage. In this study pre-identified flood-vulnerable areas in Amol city are prioritized according to criteria such as population density, distressed areas, distance from rivers and access to cities and roads. Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) five flood-vulnerable areas are prioritized. Then, a bi-objective mathematical model is provided to determine the best locations to set up relief sites and the amount of relief goods and machines required as preparation for quick disaster response. Finally, solutions are provided to increase the allocation to areas with higher accountability priorities and lower costs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crisis Management
  • Flood-Vulnerable Areas
  • Prioritization
  • Analytic Hierarchy Process
  • Location Relief Sites

مراجع

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