تصمیم‌گیری عقلایی در مدیریت بخش عمومی: موردکاوی و تحلیل چگونگی کاربرد مدل های کمّی پژوهش عملیاتی در اداره عمومی کشورهای جهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.

2 دکتری، پژوهشگاه حوزه و دانشگاه.

چکیده

«تصمیم‌گیری عقلایی» رویکردی مدیریتی است که بر تصمیم‌گیری بر اساس فرآیندها و دقت‌های علمی به‌وسیله مدل­‌های قطعی و کمّی تأکید می‌کند؛ اما در میان صاحب‌نظران بر سر به‌کارگیری مدل­ها و فنون پژوهش عملیاتی در بخش عمومی اختلاف‌نظر وجود دارد؛ زیرا با وجود آنکه مخالفینی جدی در به‌کارگیری و کاربرد این روش­ها در بخش عمومی وجود دارند، روش­ها و مدل­های پژوهش عملیاتی روز‌به‌‌روز درحال‌توسعه و بهبود هستند و در عمل در بخش عمومی مورد بهره­برداری قرار می­گیرند. در پاسخ به سؤال بالا، این پژوهش به موردکاوی و تحلیل 29 مورد از کاربرد فنون پژوهش عملیاتی در کشورهای مختلف و در زمان­‌های متفاوت می‌پردازد. درنتیجه این بررسی‌­ها مشخص می‌شود که اختلاف‌نظر در تأیید یا ردّ کاربرد فنون پژوهش عملیاتی ناظر به دو مقوله مجزای کارآمدی و اثربخشی آن­ها است؛ بدین‌­صورت که مدل­های پژوهش عملیاتی عمدتاً کارایی خود را در مدیریت بهینه فناوری‌هایی که خدمات عمومی ارائه می‌دهند، اثبات می­‌کنند؛ ولی در مورد اثربخشی این فنون با توجه به ابعاد روان‌شناختی و جامعه­‌شناختی شواهد معناداری وجود ندارد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Rational Decision-Making in Public Sector: How Different Countries Use Operations Research Models in Their Public Administrations

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Rezaeian 1
  • Ali Abdollahi Neisiani 2
1 Professor, Shahid Beheshti University.
2 Ph.D, Research Institute of Hawzah and University.
چکیده [English]

"Rational Decision-Making" is a management topic that argues about decision-making in determined and scientific process especially by "Operation Research". However, using operation research models in public sector has its typical Proponent and an opponent. Moreover, Iran is one the most five countries that has conducted scientific studies about operation research. The study had analyzed twenty-nine case studies reporting different operation research techniques in different governments. The result claims that operation research models have two aspects of managerial effects: Efficiency and Effectiveness. They are efficient in managing public technologies and tools (like distributions technologies etc.) but their effectiveness on public administration is dubious. Studying these kinds of case studies is appealing and practical for researchers to have a sounder view of the role that operation researches play in public issues. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Operations Research Models
  • Decision Making
  • Public Administration
  • Public Sector Management
  • Case Study

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