توسعه یک مدل چند دوره‌ای برای تعیین میزان سفارش در یک زنجیره تأمین سه سطحی با درنظر گرفتن روش‌های پرداخت و امکان سفارش هم‌زمان اقلام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بندرعباس.

2 استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران جنوب.

چکیده

روش‌های مختلف پرداخت و ارزش زمانی پول تأثیر بسزایی در سودآوری یک زنجیره خواهد داشت. همچنین در بسیاری از کاربردهای واقعی، سفارش هم‌زمان اقلام موجب صرفه‌جویی در هزینه‌های سفارش­دهی می‌شود. در این پژوهش، مدلی توسعه داده ‌شده است که به‌صورت یکپارچه به مسئله سفارش ­دهی هم‌زمان اقلام، انتخاب روش‌های پرداخت، انتخاب تأمین‌کننده و تخصیص سفارش به آن‌ها در دوره‌های مختلف می‌پردازد. خرده‌فروش می‌تواند اقلام موردنیاز را از چندین تأمین‌کننده با روش‌های مختلف پرداخت تهیه‌ کند و به مشتری‌های خود با روش‌های پرداخت مختلف بفروشد. سه روش برای پرداخت هزینه خرید و دریافت درآمد وجود دارد که شامل روش‌های پیش‌پرداخت، نقدی و اعتباری است. در مدل چند­کالایی و چند­دوره‌ای توسعه‌یافته، جریان نقدی خالص منفی هر دوره با نرخ بهره مشخص وام گرفته‌شده و جریان نقدی خالص مثبت هر دوره سرمایه‌گذاری می‌شود. تابع هدف، حداکثر­سازی ارزش خالص آتی جریان‌های نقدی خرده‌فروش در پایان دوره‌ها است. با حل یک مثال عددی و تحلیل آن مشخص شد که هزینه سفارش ­دهی عمده در تعداد تأمین‌کنندگان انتخاب‌شده اثرگذار است؛ اما در شیوه پرداخت تأثیری ندارد. علاوه بر این، ارتباط میان مقادیر نرخ بهره مؤثر سرمایه‌گذاری، وام، تأمین‌کننده و مشتری در انتخاب شیوه پرداخت خریدوفروش و دریافت وام مؤثر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Multi Period Lot-Sizing Model in Three-Echelon Supply Chain by Considering Payment Methods and Joint Replenishment of Inventory Items

نویسندگان [English]

  • Pegah Hasani 1
  • Davood Mohammaditabar 2
1 M.Sc., Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch.
2 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch.
چکیده [English]

Different payment methods and time value of money have a significant impact on the profitability of the supply chain. In many applications, coordinated ordering of items creates savings in the total ordering cost. In this paper, a model is developed that integrates the joint replenishment of inventory items (JRP) and the selection of payment methods into supplier-selection order-allocation problem. Retailer can pay purchasing costs to suppliers and receive the selling price from customers in different payment methods. Three payment methods of cash-in-advance, cash and credit are assumed. In the developed multi-item multi-period model, the negative cash flows are borrowed and positive cash flows are invested. The objective function is maximizing the net future value of retailer’s cash flows. Through a numerical example, it is shown that major ordering is related with the number of selected suppliers but it does not affect the payment methods. In addition, minimum attractive rate of return of the supply chain members affects the selection of payment method and loans.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supply Chain Management
  • Joint Replenishment Problem
  • Supplier Selection
  • Time Value of Money
  • Net Present Value (NPV)
  • Payment Methods

مراجع

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