انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان پایدار صنعت داروسازی با استفاده از رویکرد ترکیبی تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره و تحلیل پوششی داده‌‌ها در محیط فازی (مطالعه موردی: شرکت سبحان دارو)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران.

10.48308/jimp.15.1.225

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: با توجه به رقابت‌پذیری بازار تولید، شرکت‌ها نگاه ویژه‌ای به مدیریت زنجیره تأمین برای بهبود رقابت‌پذیری خود دارند. امروزه صنایع به دلیل افزایش آگاهی مصرف‌کنندگان و تقاضاهای زیست‌محیطی از بازارهای جهانی بسیار متنوع، بیشتر بر پایداری زنجیره تأمین تمرکز می‌کنند. نقطه شروع دستیابی به پایداری در زنجیره تأمین انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان بر اساس اصول پایداری است. در نتیجه انتخاب تأمین‌کننده پایدار که بخش کلیدی زنجیره‌های تأمین را تشکیل می‌دهد، جهت دستیابی به توسعه پایدار و کسب مزیت رقابتی به یک تصمیم استراتژیک حیاتی برای شرکت‌ها تبدیل شده است. هدف از این تحقیق،  شناسایی مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های پایداری و ارزیابی و انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان در زنجیره تأمین صنعت داروسازی بر اساس عملکرد پایداری آن‌ها می‌باشد.
روش‌ها: این پژوهش بر مبنای هدف، کاربردی است و از نظر روش انجام دادن در گروه پژوهش‌های توصیفی-تحلیلی قرار می‌گیرد. در این مطالعه یک رویکرد ترکیبی جدید تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره فازی و تحلیل پوششی داده‌های فازی جهت انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. کاربرد رویکرد پیشنهادی درشرکت سبحان دارو به‌عنوان مطالعه موردی انجام شده است. در ابتدا فهرستی از معیارها بر اساس مرور ادبیات پژوهش شناسایی و با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی غربالگری و نهایی شدند. سپس با استفاده از روش دیمتل فازی، تأثیرات متقابل و وابستگی‌های بین عوامل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در مرحله بعد برای تعیین میزان اهمیت ابعاد و معیارها از روش فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای فازی استفاده گردید. در نهایت با استفاده از روش تحلیل پوششی داده‌های فازی میزان کارایی تأمین‌کنندگان تعیین گردید و تأمین‌کنندگان برتر شناسایی شدند.
یافته‌ها: با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش، 33 شاخص‌ شناسایی شده اولیه با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی غربالگری و در نهایت 15 شاخص در 4 بعد اقتصادی، زیست‌محیطی، اجتماعی و خدمات توسط خبرگان تأیید شدند. نتایج روش دیمتل فازی نشان داد که شاخص تعهد به توسعه سیستم مدیریت زیست‌محیطی و انرژی، به‌عنوان اثرگذارترین و شاخص ابتکارات کنترل آلودگی و مدیریت ضایعات مؤثر، به‌عنوان اثرپذیرترین شاخص می‌باشد. هم‌چنین ابعاد اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی بیشترین اثرگذاری را در سیستم دارند و ابعاد اجتماعی و خدمات از بیشترین اثرپذیری در سیستم برخوردار هستند. بر اساس نتایج روش  فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای فازی، معیارهای کیفیت مواد اولیه و بسته‌بندی، تعهد به توسعه سیستم مدیریت زیست‌محیطی و انرژی و سرمایه‌گذاری در تحقیق و توسعه سبز به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین معیارها در ارزیابی تأمین‌کنندگان شناسایی شدند. در میان ابعاد نیز ابعاد اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی بیشترین اهمیت را به خود اختصاص دادند. بر اساس رتبه‌بندی نهایی مدل تحلیل پوششی داده‌های فازی، 15 تأمین‌کننده شرکت سبحان دارو بر اساس میزان کارایی رتبه‌بندی گردیدند که تأمین‌کنندگان ۱، ۶ و 2 به ترتیب در رتبه‌های اول تا سوم قرار گرفتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج بیانگر آن است که مدیران و کارشناسان شرکت‌های داروسازی از جمله مدیران بخش تدارکات و خرید، باید هنگام ارزیابی و انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان پایدار، به شاخص‌های اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی توجه ویژه‌ای ‌داشته باشند. هم‌چنین مدیران شرکت‌ سبحان دارو می‌توانند جهت همکاری با تأمین‌کنندگان 1، 6 و 2 که عملکرد خوبی داشته‌اند، قراردادهای بلندمدت تنظیم کنند. این یافته‌ها نه تنها به شرکت‌های داروسازی در انتخاب بهترین تأمین‌کنندگان کمک می‌کند، بلکه به سایر صنایع نیز این امکان را می‌دهد که با استفاده از این مدل ترکیبی، فرآیند انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان خود را بهبود بخشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Sustainable Supplier Selection in the Pharmaceutical Industry Using a Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making and Data Envelopment Analysis Approach in a Fuzzy Environment (Case Study: Sobhan Darou Company)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Nikjoo 1
  • Nasser Safaie 2
  • Emad Roghanian 3
1 MSc, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Given the competitive nature of the production market, companies pay special attention to supply chain management to enhance their competitiveness. Today, due to increasing consumer awareness and environmental demands from diverse global markets, industries are focusing more on supply chain sustainability. The starting point for achieving sustainability in the supply chain is the selection of suppliers based on sustainability principles. Consequently, sustainable supplier selection, which forms a critical part of supply chains, has become a vital strategic decision for companies aiming to achieve sustainable development and gain a competitive advantage. The purpose of this study is to identify the most important sustainability indicators and evaluate and select suppliers in the pharmaceutical supply chain based on their sustainability performance.
Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose and is classified as descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology. In this study, a new hybrid approach combining fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) and fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to select suppliers. The proposed approach was implemented in Sobhan Darou Company as a case study. Initially, a list of criteria was identified through a literature review and finalized using the fuzzy Delphi method. Then, the fuzzy DEMATEL method was employed to assess the mutual influence and interdependencies among the criteria. In the next stage, the fuzzy Analytical Network Process (ANP) was used to determine the importance of the dimensions and criteria. Finally, the efficiency of suppliers was determined using fuzzy DEA, and the top-performing suppliers were identified.
Results and discussion: According to the research findings, 33 initially identified criteria were screened using the fuzzy Delphi method, resulting in 15 final criteria across four dimensions: economic, environmental, social, and services, which were confirmed by experts. The results of the fuzzy DEMATEL method indicated that the criterion "Commitment to the Development of Environmental and Energy Management Systems" was the most influential, while the criterion "Pollution Control Initiatives and Effective Waste Management" was the most affected. Additionally, the economic and environmental dimensions had the highest influence within the system, while the social and service dimensions were the most affected. According to the results of the fuzzy ANP method, the criteria "Quality of Raw Materials and Packaging," "Commitment to the Development of Environmental and Energy Management Systems," and "Investment in Green Research and Development" were identified as the most important criteria for supplier evaluation. Among the dimensions, the economic and environmental dimensions were found to be the most significant. Based on the final ranking of the fuzzy DEA model, 15 suppliers of Sobhan Darou were ranked based on their efficiency, with suppliers 1, 6, and 2 ranking first to third, respectively.
Conclusions: The results indicate that managers and experts in pharmaceutical companies, including procurement and purchasing managers, should pay special attention to economic and environmental indicators when evaluating and selecting sustainable suppliers. Furthermore, the managers of Sobhan Darou Company can establish long-term contracts with suppliers 1, 6, and 2, which have demonstrated strong performance. These findings not only help pharmaceutical companies select the best suppliers but also allow other industries to improve their supplier selection processes using this hybrid model.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainability
  • Sustainable Supplier Selection
  • Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making
  • Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis
  • Pharmaceutical Industry
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