مکان‌یابی ایستگاه‌های آتش‌نشانی با استفاده از روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره قطعی و فازی و اطلاعات GIS (مورد مطالعه: شهر اصفهان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی صنایع و آینده پژوهی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع و آینده پژوهی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

در این پژوهش سعی می­‌شود، مکان­‌یابی مطلوبی برای احداث ایستگاه‌­های آتش­‌نشانی در شهر اصفهان صورت گیرد. مکان­‌های کاندید برای ایستگاه‌­های جدید، با استفاده از تکنیک AHP به روش ساعتی، تکنیک AHP فازی به روش چانگ و تاپسیس و سپس ترکیب آن‌ها با اطلاعات GIS تحلیل می‌­شوند. با درنظر­گرفتن معیارهای مختلف مانند تراکم جمعیت، نزدیکی به جاده اصلی، فاصله از ایستگاه آتش‌نشانی موجود، تراکم مواد خطرناک، شعاع پوشش آتش‌­نشانی‌­ها، شبکه ترافیک، کاربری اراضی، قدمت ساختمان­‌ها و پتانسیل خطر، مکان‌­های کاندید برای احداث ایستگاه‌­های آتش‌­نشانی در شهر اصفهان اولویت­‌بندی خواهند شد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر با واحد آمار و برنامه­‌ریزی استراتژیک سازمان مرکزی آتش­‌نشانی شهر اصفهان در میان گذاشته شد و آن‌ها اولویت‌­بندی حاصل از روش AHP فازی را تأیید کردند که در این روش، سه اولویت بالاتر به‌­ترتیب منطقه هشت، منطقه نه و منطقه چهار شهر اصفهان است. تحلیل حساسیت روی وزن معیارها مشخص کرد که منطقه هشت در تمامی حالت­‌ها دارای بالاترین اولویت برای احداث ایستگاه آتش‌­نشانی است و مناطق دوازده و پانزده آخرین اولویت­‌ها را به خود اختصاص دادند. چند پیشنهاد مدیریتی برای کنترل و بهبود شرایط احداث ایستگاه­‌ها ارائه شد که شامل تغییر موقعیت اماکن خطرآفرین و اصلاح ضوابط ساختمان‌­سازی شهرداری است.
 
کلیدواژه‌ها: مکان­یابی ایستگاه­های آتش­نشانی؛ تصمیم­گیری چندمعیاره؛ تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی؛ نظریه فازی؛ تاپسیس.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Locating Fire Stations using Deterministic and Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision Making Methods and GIS Information: A Case Study of Isfahan City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Motamedi 1
  • Kamran Kianfar 2
1 Ms.c, Department of Industrial Engineering and Futures Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering and Futures Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This paper aims to identify the optimal locations for new fire stations in Isfahan city using multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods and geographic information system (GIS) data. AHP, fuzzy AHP, and TOPSIS methods are used to identify potential locations for new fire stations based on decision criteria such as population density, proximity to main roads, distance from existing fire stations, density of hazardous materials, radius of the fire brigade, traffic network, land use, age of buildings, and potential for danger. The candidate locations for new fire stations are ranked according to these criteria, and the results are validated by the Statistics and Strategic Planning Unit of the Isfahan Central Fire Department. The fuzzy AHP results indicate that districts 8, 9, and 4 have the highest priority for new fire stations, respectively. Sensitivity analysis of the criteria weights reveals that district 8 has the highest priority, while districts 12 and 15 have the lowest. This study also provides managerial insights, including the need to modify municipal building regulations and relocate dangerous sites to improve fire safety in Isfahan city. The proposed approach provides a useful tool for decision-makers to identify optimal locations for new fire stations and improve fire safety in urban areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Locating Fire Stations
  • Multiple-Criteria Decision Making
  • AHP
  • Fuzzy Theory
  • TOPSIS
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