ارائه مدلی برای بهینه‌سازی استقرار تجهیزات کنارجاده‌ای در شبکه خودرویی سیستم حمل‌و‌نقل هوشمند به‌منظور حداکثری‌سازی پوشش شبکه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، پردیس البرز، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

تجهیزات کنارجاده‌ای از اجزای اصلی سیستم‌های حمل‌ونقل هوشمند هستند که ارتباط اطلاعاتی خودرو ـ خودرو و خودرو ـ تجهیزات را فراهم می‌سازند. با توجه به گران‌­بودن، چالش مهم استقرار تجهیزات است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، مدل‌سازی استقرار بهینه تجهیزات کنار­جاده‌ای برای دستیابی به حداکثر پوشش است. یک مدل ریاضی چندهدفه بر اساس سه پارامتر اصلی حجم ترافیک، نرخ سوانح و نزدیکی به مراکز (تجاری، اورژانسی و غیره) نقاط کاندیدا، ارائه شده است. با توجه به ماهیت NP–Hard مسئله، امکان ارائه روش‌های مرسوم دقیق و کارآمد برای حل در مقیاس بزرگ وجود ندارد. یک روش فراابتکاری مبتنی بر الگوریتم حریصانه با امکان نشانه‌گذاری نقاط با اولویت انتخاب قطعی و یا غیرقابل­‌انتخاب، توسعه داده شد. عملکرد مدل از طریق آزمون سه سناریوی مختلف با شعاع پوششی ۲۰۰، ۵۰۰ و ۱۰۰۰ متر تجهیزات، در منطقه پنج شهرداری تهران و با نرم‌افزار متلب مورد­ارزیابی قرار گرفت و سناریوی ۱۰۰۰ متر با پوشش امتیازی ۷۱ درصد انتخاب شد. مشاهدات نشان داد که تأثیر پارامترهای مختلف نظیر شعاع پوشش تجهیزات، تعداد تجهیزات و بودجه طرح بر نتایج استقرار تجهیزات تأثیرگذار است. الگوریتم ارائه‌شده با استفاده از موقعیت جغرافیایی نقاط کاندیدا امکان حل مسئله را در مقیاس بزرگ به­‌وجود می‌آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing a Model to Optimize Maximum Coverage of Roadside Units Placement in Vehicular Ad–hoc Network for Intelligent Transportation System

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Mohaghar 1
  • Hojjat Heydarzadeh Moghaddam 2
  • Rohollah Ghasemi 3
1 Professor, Department of Industrial management, Faculty of management, University of Tehran.
2 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Industrial management, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran.
3 Ph.D, Department of Industrial management, Faculty of management, University of Tehran.
چکیده [English]

Roadside units are crucial elements of intelligent transportation systems that provide vehicle–vehicle and vehicle–equipment information communication. Due to the high cost of installation, the deployment of roadside units is the most critical. Aim of this study is developing a model to optimize of roadside units placement to achieve maximum coverage. A multi–objective mathematical model presented, based on the three main parameters. These parameters are traffic volume, incident rate and adjacency to important centers, which determine for alternative points. The maximum coverage problem is NP–hard. Consequently, conventional mathematical methods are not accurate for large scale problem. A meta–heuristic method based on the greedy algorithm was developed which conciders marking points as definitive–select or non–selectable. Result of the model were evaluated through testing of three scenarios, 200, 500 and 1000 meters coverage in District 5 of Tehran by using MATLAB and the best one, 1000 meters was chosen with 71% coverage. Observations showed the effect of various parameters such as equipment coverage radius, number of equipment and budget on the results of distribution. This algorithm makes it possible to solve the problem on a large scale by using the geolocation of the candidate points.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Roadside Units
  • Intelligent Transportation System
  • VANET
  • Maximum SET Coverage Problem
  • Location

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