نگهداری و تعمیرات هوشمند مبتنی بر اینترنت اشیاء با رویکرد «ناب، چابک، تاب‌آور، سبز»: یک فراترکیب در صنعت هواپیمایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکدگان مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکدگان مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده البرز، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.48308/jimp.15.2.225

چکیده

هدف: فرآیند نگهداری­، ­تعمیرات و بازآماد هواپیما از جمله اقدام‌های پر اهمیت، گران و تخصصی در صنعت هواپیمایی است که اقدام درست در آن اطمینان و راحتی خیال مشتریان و سوددهی را فراهم می­آورد. این صنعت به علت اهمیت صلاحیت پروازی یک هواپیما که ضامن جان مسافران و سلامت هواپیما است، بسیار نسبت به تغییرات و بکارگیری فناوری های نوین تحول گرا سخت گیر است و این موضوعات را با قوانین و رویه های متعدد نیازمند بررسی و تأیید می داند. به طور کلی این فناوری موجب ارتباط بین سیستم ها، زیر سیستم ها و انتقال داده‌ها بین آن‌ها می‌شود و می‌تواند داده‌های در لحظه‌ای را در اختیار پردازشگر قرار دهد که به موجب به کارگیری الگوریتم های هوش مصنوعی داده‌های پرداش شده، می تواند اطلاعات ارزشمندی در زمینه پیشگویی اقدامات مرتبط با نگهداری و تعمیرات ایجاد گردد. با توجه به بررسی های انجام شده این فناوری خود می تواند نمایانگر ویژگی های رویکرد "ناب، چابک، تاب آوری، سبز" گردد، بدین ترتیب در این پژوهش سعی شده است این فناوری در کنار رویکرد مذکور مورد بررسی قرار داده شود تا موجب ارائه مدل تبیینی جامع و نوین از مؤلفه های نگهداری تعمیرات هوشمند با رویکرد"ناب، چابک، تاب آور، سبز و در بستر فناوری تحول آفرین اینترنت اشیاء گردد.
روش: در این پژوهش از روش فراترکیب استفاده می­‌گردد به این ترتیب که با استخراج سوالات پژوهش، جست و جوی تمامی مقالات از سال 2015 تاکنون و در پایگاه­های: وب آف ساینس، اسکوپوس، گوگل اسکالر و جهاد دانشگاهی و ایرانداک و با اعمال قیدهای مربوطه، ارزیابی مقالات با استفاده از ابزار برنامه مهارت­‌های ارزیابی حیاتی، استخراج اطلاعات از مقالات، تجزیه و تحلیل و ترکیب نتایج، کنترل کیفیت پژوهش، نتایج و یافته­ها ارائه می­‌گردد. به این ترتیب تعداد 333 مقاله استخراج می­گردد که پس از پالایش مقالات از نوع: عناوین، چکیده و کیفیت، از تعداد 35 مقاله مقوله­‌های اصلی و فرعی بدست می آید.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته های پژوهش، 44 کد باز عوامل مرتبط با نگهداری و تعمیرات هوشمند مبتنی بر اینترنت اشیاء و با رویکردهای «ناب، چابک، تاب آور، سبز» و بر بستر اینترنت اشیاء را تبیین کردند که با بررسی مفاهیم نزدیک به هم این کد­ها به 20 کدمحوری منتهی گردید و در مرحله آخر کدهای محوری در چهار مقوله اصلی دربرگیرندۀ: انگیزه­های درون سازمانی، انگیزه­های برون سازمانی، تصمیم گیری مبتنی بر داده، مدیریت سرمایه انسانی دسته بندی شدند. بر اساس یافته­های پژوهش، در مقوله اصلی «انگیزه­های درون سازمانی» دربرگیرندۀ هشت کد باز در قالب پنج کد محوری «کاهش هزینه­ها و افزایش سود­آوری» و «یکپارچگی جریان داخلی اطلاعات»، «تصمیم­گیری گروهی»، «گردش مالی»، «محدودیت های مالی» است. در مقوله «انگیزه­های برون سازمانی» هشت کدباز در قالب چهار کدمحوری «جلب رضایت مشتری»، «تقاضای اجتماعی»، «یکپارچگی جریان خارجی اطلاعات»، «الزامات قانونی» دسته بندی شدند. در مقوله«تصمیم­گیری مبتنی بر داده» 16 کدباز در قالب6 کد محوری «گردآوری هوشمند اطلاعات»، «کیفیت اطلاعات» و «تصمیم گیری مبتنی بر داده»، «امنیت اطلاعات»، «تصمیم­گیری خودکار» و «تجزیه و تحلیل داده» دسته بندی شدند. در مقوله «مدیریت سرمایه انسانی» تعداد 10 کد باز در قالب پنج کدمحوری «مهارت­های تحلیلی»، «فرهنگ سازمان»، «پشتیبانی مدیریت»، «مهارت­های سازگاری»، «مهارت­‌های فناوری ارتباطات و اطلاعات»، طبقه­‌بندی شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: از آنجاییکه الگوی ارائه شده در این پژوهش همزمان نگهداری و تعمیرات هواپیما با رویکرد‌های «ناب، چابک، تاب‌آور، سبز» و مبتنی بر اینترنت اشیاء را مورد بررسی قرار داده است در واقع پژوهش‌های پیشین را توسعه داده و از رویکرد به نسبت جامع‌تری برخوردار است و در واقع نوآوری این پژوهش به کارگیری توأمان این رویکردها بر بستر اینترنت اشیاء و در صنعت هواپیمایی است. به این ترتیب الگوی ارائه شده می‌تواند کمک شایانی به کسب‌و‌کار‌های حوزه صنعت هواپیمایی در شناسایی و به‌­کارگیری این مؤلفه‌ها و سپس بهره‌مندی از مزایای آن‌ها در کسب‌و‌کار مربوطه داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

IoT Based Smart Maintenance in LARG Context: a Metasynthesis in the Aviation Industry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Mohaghar 1
  • Rohollah Ghasemi 2
  • sahar shirazi 3
1 * Professor, College of Management, Faculty of Industrial Management and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, College of Management, Faculty of Industrial Management and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D. Candidate, College of Alborz, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Purpose: The process of maintenance, Repairs and Overhaul of aircraft is one of the most important measures in the aviation industry, which provides confidence and comfort to customers. During the investigations and since the new Internet of Things technology plays a special role in providing aircraft Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul services, the researcher has tried to examine this technology along with important approaches such as Lean, Agile, Resilient and Green. to give In this way, the aim of this research is to present a model of Lean, Agile, Resilient and Green Aircraft Maintenance and Repair components in the context of the revolutionary Internet of Things technology.
Method: In this research, the metacombination method is used. In the following, by extracting the research questions, searching all the articles from 2015 until now and in the databases: Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Jihad Daneshgahi and Iranduc, and by applying the relevant constraints, evaluating the articles using the skills program tool. Critical evaluation, information extraction from articles, analysis and synthesis of results, quality control of research, results and findings are presented. In this way, the number of 323 articles is extracted, and after refining the articles of the type: titles, abstracts and quality, the main and subcategories are obtained from the number of 33 articles.
Findings: Based on the findings of the research, 44 sub- codes explained the factors related to intelligent maintenance and repairs based on the Internet of Things and with "lean, agile, resilient, green" approaches and based on the Internet of Things. These codes led to 20 theme codes, and in the last stage, the theme codes were categorized into 4 main categories including: intra-organizational motivations, extra-organizational motivations, data-based decision making, human capital management. According to the findings of the research, in the main category of "Internal Motivations" including 8 sub- codes in the form of 5 theme codes "Reducing Costs And Increasing Profitability" and "Integration Of Internal Flow Of Information", "Group Decision Making", "Financial Circulation" ", "Financial Limitations". In the category of "external organizational motivations", 8 sub- codes were categorized in the form of 4 theme codes: "Customer Satisfaction", "Social Demand", "Integrity Of External Flow Of Information", "Legal Requirements". In the category of "Data-Based Decision Making" 16 sub- codes in the form of 6 theme codes "Smart Information Collection", "Information Quality" and "Data-Based Decision Making", "Information Security", "Automatic Decision Making" and "Analysis Data" were categorized. In the category of "Human Capital Management", 10 sub- codes were classified in the form of 5 theme codes, "Analytical Skills", "Organizational Culture", "Management Support", "Compatibility Skills", "ICT Skills".
Conclusion: Since the model presented in this research simultaneously examines the maintenance and repairs of aircraft with "lean, agile, resilient, green" approaches and based on the Internet of Things, in fact, it has developed past researches and adopted a relatively more comprehensive approach. has, and in fact, the innovation of this research is the application of these approaches on the platform of Internet of Things and in the aviation industry. In this way, the presented model can be of great help to businesses in the aviation industry in identifying and using these components and then benefiting from their benefits in the relevant business.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Smart Maintenance
  • Aviation Industry
  • Internet of things (IoT)
  • Lean, Agile, Resilient, Green (LARG) Paradigm
  • Meta-synthesis

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https://doi.org/ doi: 10.22059/jitm.2024.372404.3618.

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