Journal of Industrial Management Perspective

Journal of Industrial Management Perspective

Locating Fire Stations using Deterministic and Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision Making Methods and GIS Information: A Case Study of Isfahan City

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Zahra Motamedi 1
Kamran Kianfar 2
1 Ms.c, Department of Industrial Engineering and Futures Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering and Futures Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
10.48308/jimp.13.2.65
Abstract
This paper aims to identify the optimal locations for new fire stations in Isfahan city using multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods and geographic information system (GIS) data. AHP, fuzzy AHP, and TOPSIS methods are used to identify potential locations for new fire stations based on decision criteria such as population density, proximity to main roads, distance from existing fire stations, density of hazardous materials, radius of the fire brigade, traffic network, land use, age of buildings, and potential for danger. The candidate locations for new fire stations are ranked according to these criteria, and the results are validated by the Statistics and Strategic Planning Unit of the Isfahan Central Fire Department. The fuzzy AHP results indicate that districts 8, 9, and 4 have the highest priority for new fire stations, respectively. Sensitivity analysis of the criteria weights reveals that district 8 has the highest priority, while districts 12 and 15 have the lowest. This study also provides managerial insights, including the need to modify municipal building regulations and relocate dangerous sites to improve fire safety in Isfahan city. The proposed approach provides a useful tool for decision-makers to identify optimal locations for new fire stations and improve fire safety in urban areas.
Keywords
Locating Fire Stations
Multiple-Criteria Decision Making
AHP
Fuzzy Theory
TOPSIS
  1. Aliabadi, Z., Nastaran, M., Pirani, F., & Sheikhzade, F. (1396). Fire Station Location Using AHP and GIS Compilation Case Study: Third Zone of Esfahan City. Geographical Data, 26(103), 123-136. (In Persian)
  2. Boloori, S., & Vafaeinezhad, A. (1392). Using Similated Annealing Algorithm for Optimizing Multi Objective Location-Allocation Problems in GIS Environment (Case Study: Firestations in District 11 of Tehran). Urban Management Studies, 5(16), 43-56. (In Persian)
  3. Ebrahimzadeh, E., Hosseini, A., & Kashefi Doost, D. (1395). Analysis of the Location of Urban Fire Stations Case Study: Piranshahr City. Journal of Geometry and Planning, 20(58), 1-21. (in Persian)
  4. Esmaeeli Kakhaki, F., Azimi, Z.N., Pooya, A., & Tavakoli, A. (1399). A New Stochastic Model for Emergency Location Problem with Minimax Regret Model (Case Study: Mashhad). The Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 10(2), 161-191. (In Persian)
  5. Fattahi, P., Bagheri, H., & Babaei Morad, S. (1396). A Mathematical Model for Fire Station Locating with Maximal Covering Location and Multi Period Approach. Modern Researches in Decision Making, 2(3), 193-213. (In Persian)
  6. Ghanbarian, F., & Atighehchian, A. (1397). Optimum location of fire stations considering reliability of demand coverage (case study: Isfahan city). Paper presented at the 15th International Industrial Engineering Conference, Yazd. (In Persian)
  7. Heidari, R., & Rostami, M. (1393). Submitting and Evaluating a Model for Locating Optimal Sites for Establishing Fire Stations through GIS (Case Study: Kermanshah City). Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning, 9(29), 87-99. (In Persian)
  8. Mohaghar, A., & Ariaee, S. (1396). Locating using Geographical Information System and Weighted Maximal Covering Model. The Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 7(2), 9-32. (In Persian)
  9. Mohammadi, J., & Poorghayoomi, H. (1393). Spatial Analysis and Location of Firehouse of Noorabad City Using GIS. Journal of Geography and Planning, 18(48), 279-298. (In Persian)
  10. Nazariyan, A., Yari, P., & Karami Nejad, T. (1394). Optimal Positioning of Fire Stations By Using Gis (Case Study: Kermanshah). Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief, 7(2), 26-37. (In Persian)
  11. Pourramzan, E., & Javan, F. (1395). Analysis Of Limits of Safety And Optimal Positioning Of Fire Stations By Using Gis (Case Study: Rasht). Geographical Journal of Territory, 13(50), 1-16. (In Persian)
  12. Rahnama, M., & Aftab, A. (1393). Locating the Fire Stations of Urmia City Using GIS and AHP. Geography and Developement, 12(35), 153-165. (In Persian)
  13. Saberifar, R., & Mazraeh, M. (1393). Analysis of suitability of spatial distribution and location of fire stations using the integration of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model in the geographic information system (GIS) environment. Geography and Environmental Studies, 3(9), 77-90. (In Persian)
  14. Salehi, E., Ale Mohammad, S., & Ramezani Mehrian, M. (1397). Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Firefighting Stations by Modeling of Network Analyzing (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis). Journal of Urban Social Geography, 5(1), 17-31. (In Persian)
  15. Shahbazi, F., Sahebi, H., & Makui, A. (1399). Location Selection of Solar Power Plants, Wind and Distributed Generation and Degisn of Electrical Distribution Network. ). The Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 10(3), 143-170. (In Persian)
  16. Shaikhaleslami, A., & Escort, G. (1391). Spacial Scattering and Positioning Of Firefighting Stations in Sanandaj Using GIS Technic and AHP Model. Geographical Journal of Chashmandaz-e-Zagros, 4(13), 65-77. (In Persian)
  17. Tatari, A., Tashakori, E., & Aghavali, S. (1394). Locating fire stations and organizing existing stations in districts 21 and 22 of Tehran using network analysis method and AHP model in GIS environment. Paper presented at the National Geomatic Conference. (In Persian)
  18. Zangiabadi, A., Rezaei, M., & Shaer, F. (1396). Spatial Analysis and Site Selection of Fire Stations in Isfahan City Using Inversion Hierarchical Weight Process (Ihwp). Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief, 9(1), 96-110. (in Persian)
  19. Ziari, Y. A., & Yazdanpanah, S. (1390). Study of Locating Fire Stations Using AHP Model in GIS Environment: Case Study of Amol City. Journal of the Studies of Human Settelments Planning, 6(14), 74-87. (In Persian)
  20. Chang, D.Y. (1992). Extent Analysis and Synthetic Decision. Optimization Techniques and Applications, 1, 352-355.
  21. Chaudhary, P., Chhetri, S. K., Joshi, K. M., Shrestha, B. M., & Kayastha, P. (2016). Application of an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the GIS interface for suitable fire site selection: A case study from Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 53, 60-71.
  22. Chevalier, P., Thomas, I., Geraets, D., Goetghebeur, E., Janssens, O., Peeters, D., & Plastria, F. (2012). Locating fire stations: An integrated approach for Belgium. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 46(2), 173-182.
  23. D' brot, C., Bravo, W., & Arana, V. (2019). Optimum location and amount of new Fire Stations based on Geographic Information System and Analytic Hierarchy Methods. Paper presented at the 2019 Congreso Internacional de Innovación y Tendencias en Ingenieria (CONIITI ).
  24. Erden, T., & Coşkun, M. Z. (2010). Multi-criteria site selection for fire services: the interaction with analytic hierarchy process and geographic information systems. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 10(10), 2127-2134.
  25. Gogus, O., & Boucher, T. O. (1998). Strong transitivity, rationality and weak monotonicity in fuzzy pairwise comparisons. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 94(1), 133-144.
  26. Hwang, C.L., & Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications. Springer-Verlag, New York.
  27. Kazemi, M., Kunt, M., Aghayan, I., & Jalali Larijani, R. (2013). Optimization Model for Fire Station Location Based on GIS and Python: A Case Study in North Cyprus. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 330, 1059-1064.
  28. Kharaghani, H., Etemadfard, H., & Salem Rafush, A. (2022). Allocation of Fire Stations by Hybrid Method (Case Study: Mashhad). Urban Management Studies, 13(48), 55-67.
  29. Linn, K. N. Z., Lupin, S., & Linn, H. H. (2019). Analysis of the Effectiveness of Fire Station Locations Using GIS-model. Paper presented at the 2019 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EIConRus).
  30. Liu, Q., & Gao, H. (2011, 8-10 Aug. 2011). The site-selection and decision-making model for city fire stations. Paper presented at the 2011 2nd IEEE International Conference on Emergency Management and Management Sciences.
  31. Murray, A. T. (2013). Optimizing the spatial location of urban fire stations. Fire Safety Journal, 62, 64-71.
  32. Nyimbili, P. H., & Erden, T. (2020). GIS-based fuzzy multi-criteria approach for optimal site selection of fire stations in Istanbul, Turkey. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 71, 100860.
  33. Rodriguez, S. A., De la Fuente, R. A., & Aguayo, M. M. (2020). A facility location and equipment emplacement technique model with expected coverage for the location of fire stations in the Concepción province, Chile. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 147, 106522.
  34. Saaty, R. W. (1987). The analytic hierarchy process—what it is and how it is used. Mathematical Modelling, 9(3), 161-176.
  35. Sakellariou, S., Parisien, M.-A., Flannigan, M., Wang, X., de Groot, B., Tampekis, S., Christopoulou, O. (2020). Spatial planning of fire-agency stations as a function of wildfire likelihood in Thasos, Greece. Science of the Total Environment, 729, 139004.
  36. Sen, A., Önden, I., Gökgöz, T., & Şen, C. (2011). A GIS Approach to Fire Station Location Selection.
  37. Uddin, M. S., & Warnitchai, P. (2020). Decision support for infrastructure planning: a comprehensive location–allocation model for fire station in complex urban system. Natural Hazards, 102(3), 1475-1496.
  38. Wilmot, R. (2002). Information bulletin of the world fire statistics. The Geneva association, 12, 1-6.
  39. Zarrinpanjeh, N., Dadrass Javan, F., Naji, A., Azadi, H., De Maeyer, P., & Witlox, F. (2020). Optimum Path Determination to Facilitate Fire Station Rescue Missions Using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithms (Case Study: City of Karaj). ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLIII-B3-2020, 1285-1291.
  40. Zhang, W., & Jiang, J. C. (2012). Research on the Location of Fire Station Based on GIS and GA. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 130-134, 377-380.